One of the most common complaints that doctors hear from patients is pain in the knees. What Caused it, you can't always tell immediately, because the knee may suffer from various diseases, one of which is the osteoarthritis of the knee. It is also known as gonarthrosis, and represents the defeat of the joint, which is usually non-inflammatory in nature and promote the destruction of cartilage, bone deformities and the patient to restrict movements.
Form
There are two main forms of the disease:
- primary. Looks like a wrong development of the joints at birth;
- secondary. The consequences Show or other diseases injuries.
The primary form develops and usually in childhood, causing incorrect formation of the tendons and joints. Them during physical activity of the subjected to heavy loads and deforms.
The secondary form of the disease due to the following factors:
- injuries (bruises, sprains, dislocations, fractures), which contribute to weaken the structure of bones, ligaments, cartilage. This causes post-traumatic forms of the disease;
- the transfer of operations to remove the meniscus, which damage the structural integrity of his knee.
- too great a load on the foot (typical for athletes);
- being overweight, because a lot of it raises the pressure on the body weight of the cartilage of the knee joints;
- rheumatoid arthritis (inflammation of joints). Long-term illness involved in the formation of excessive fluid in the cavity, which causes further complications;
- a malfunction of the metabolism, the cause of which is salt deposits;
- different cuts of the knee;
- diseases, which are characterized by long muscle spasms of the leg muscles or blood vessels.
The development of the disease can be taken or one-sided bilateral format. Injury is likely the reason for unilateral osteoarthritis, and obesity causes bilateral.
The symptoms of the disease
Knee osteoarthritis symptoms appear gradually. Patient years could not know that he is sick, because the visible change in the shape or knee severe pain it is not. Also osteoarthritis of the knee joint of 1 degree ny-often accompanied by unpleasant painful sensations in the knees, but few people refer to this stage of a doctor. More prone to this disease after the age of 40 women who are suffering from overweight. Mainly to promote the development of this disease, the English varicose veins. At this stage it is possible to cure the disease at home and even without drugs creams.
Pain in the disease is sudden, and appear gradually, sometimes over several years. They occur during a sport, walk on the physical and other activities. This sharp pain in the symptoms of osteoarthritis can be, but is the result of the fracture, trapped in the meniscus or damage. If the patient feels severe pain that it certainly the knee 2°. To avoid pain, a person usually spend in a state of permanent more time, but after the resumption of the exercise of the discomfort still returns.
Symptoms, such as deformation, with deforming arthrosis of the knee joint. It becomes noticeable by the second or third stages of the disease. His first symptoms: knee is a bit swollen, but keeps its shape. The last step is to change its shape, which can make up one of the legs shorter or longer. The sick should drink such drugs as hondroprotektory (contribute to the regeneration of cartilage tissue).
Synovitis (accumulation in the articular cavity fluid) also shows the progression of the disease. If the liquid is too much, it can be a so-called Baker's cyst – a tumor of the glenoid side of the joint. Elastic cyst is noticeable when the knee unbent. Treated Easily and improve medical intervention.
One of the most typical symptoms of is the crunch, which is noticeable when the disease stages 2 and 3. The main thing – to distinguish the ringing sound of the crunch of the joints of a healthy person and a dull, dry crunch of the patient. It causes the weakness of the ligaments or a high mobility. Give rest to the joints, the patient is recommended to use knee braces for osteoarthritis.
Limited mobility of the knee occurs in the later stages of the disease. In this case the patient can not fully straighten or bend my leg because it causes severe pain. If the disease has progressed to stage 3, the knee real can be completely because of the fusion joints. This condition requires injections, creams or other products and preparations, relieve pain, and also the intervention of the surgeon, because or regular massage of the folk remedies are powerless fused bones.
Stage gonarthrosis
There are three stages of osteoarthritis:
- moment began on the first stage , before visible symptoms of disease for months or years. The person complains of pain in the legs, that occur on a regular basis. Especially This is true, the first steps up the stairs or unfortunately, and in the morning when in bed. The images can show narrowing of the interarticularis of the gap. Usually, instead of the less expert, the patients are often used in folk medicine to ointments, tinctures and preparations;
- the second stage is characterized by more severe pain, which can not even stop the sleep mode in the limbs. With the crunch. The joint cavity can accumulate fluid in the x-ray pictures show ny at the beginning and the bones of the deformations of the expansion. The patient in this stage severely restricts the number of movements of the limbs. To reduce discomfort, may prescribe injections of an expert and receive chondroprotectors;
- the last, third stage, the pain becomes constant and it is often worse during change of weather conditions. X-ray shows significant deformation of the knee, which can be removed to no avail surgery, the patient should drink a complex chondroprotectors. The patient's changing walking: a deforming arthrosis of the knee joint to promote walking or slightly bent legs, or wobble.
Treatment of the disease
Osteoarthritis of the knee depends on the severity of disease of the knees. Chronic pathology to help department stage in vain remission (when the active manifestations of the disease is minimized or does not exist). Occupational therapy treatment combined with drug use, in particular, chondroprotectors, give positive results.
The goals of treatment are:
- to reduce the pain;
- restored using a variety and means of cartilage ligaments;
- growth-movements of the extremities.
Treatment methods Among them are:
- drug use (chondroprotectors);
- surgery doctors;
- rehabilitation center (occupational therapy, occupational therapy, massage and other means).
The drug, also known as chondro, true has the opportunity to choose a doctor. Hey it is strictly forbidden to give themselves, as its quite chondroprotectors are effective medications.
All appointed med. products, the purpose of which is:
- and eliminate the pain inflammation. For this purpose, the cavity of the common hormonal and non-hormonal drugs type;
- improve blood of the son of sore feet. There are medications that can help relieve spasms of blood vessels or muscle tissue;
- the healing of cartilage tissue. Developed special products – all kinds of chondroprotectors, stands out for its impact on the affected joint. They have the necessary nutrients to the cartilage tissue. Chondroprotectors is also helps to the possibility of the body to create new cartilage.
The drug produced in the form of creams, injections means to you and others.
In addition to the popular massage treatment is osteoarthritis of the knee joint. Properly performed by a doctor, massage with ointment, you can relax permanently tight muscles near the affected disease of the knee, which reduces the pain (works better than the injections). Massage cream to help increase the number of movements of the whole leg, to strengthen the position of the bones even at home to increase the flow. If the disease has progressed to the third stage, ordinary cream or injections will not help and require surgical intervention. Doctor implant the patient a metal prosthesis, which is intended not to replace the-working feet. Such implants need replacing every few years, and its cut is quite expensive.
Recreation complex includes exercises for osteoarthritis of the knee, that the patient should be performed under strict medical supervision. These exercises are intended to:
- improves blood circulation;
- improve muscle tone at home. For example, exercise therapy is associated with studies in patients, specific simulators.
Occupational therapy
In addition are popular methods of occupational therapy (UHF-ultra sound therapy and light therapy), which, although they are not necessary, but greatly speeds up healing. Osteoarthritis of the knee joint according to occupational therapy is effective in reducing pain. Specific methods of occupational therapy depending on the extent of the disease determined by the doctor. In addition, the rehabilitation includes injections that reduce pain, assist ointment, etc.
Gymnastics
Exercises for osteoarthritis of the knee is one of the most important methods that can help you develop atrophied muscles. Physical therapy osteoarthritis of the knee joint should be done carefully, slowly. Experience again If the patient pain, it is time to stop training. During exercise and convenient useful to use special knee braces for osteoarthritis.
The rehabilitation group also includes therapeutic methods for orthopedic type. He set a goal for ourselves to reduce the load on the knee, gradually shifting his cane, dentures. Many experts prescribe knee braces for osteoarthritis. This helps patients facilitate walking, making it a little painful.
Diet
What specific diet for osteoarthritis, it usually use the camera's purpose is to reduce the weight of the patient, as in most cases it is a lot of weight to overload the joints. The diet includes eating small portions every 3 hours. Weight loss, the daily diet of a man should add lean meat (chicken, Turkey, rabbit) and remove the fat (lamb, pork). Vegetable protein should come from legumes. Diet in the diet should replace the crude oil refined and also reduce salt intake.
Medical diet or contain the failure of minimal consumption of canned, smoked fried foods and (appetite suppressant). In order to restore destroyed cartilage, it is necessary to provide the body with complex carbohydrates (cereals, products from wheat flour). Nutrition should also include juices (carrot, beet, Apple). He withdraws toxins from the body and reduce inflammation.
Diet and should include fish jelly, which acts as a sort of cartilage and helps to create new cartilage. It is worth remembering that can determine the diet themselves the best variant to choose for nothing to a dietitian (specialist diet).
Traditional methods
Special attention should be paid to traditional methods of fight against the disease (treatment at home). A lot of ointments, compresses, and other popular liqueurs that offer healers lovers of folk medicine and based on herbs, health-the bile, which improves blood flow to the diseased joint. The effect of the ointment, the aim is to improve the blood circulation, muscle relaxation. Often, This tool packs. Their efficiency is very high, so this method is sometimes used by doctors of medicine and traditional (medicines together). Compresses should be put on the bandages of wool, which warms the sore spot. Of course, folk remedies are unlikely to help can greatly osteoarthritis 3°, but in addition to healing folk methods features should not be ignored, because they relieve pain and eliminate the main symptoms of the disease.
One of the most popular recipes of folk remedies that can be applied at home, there are:
- a poultice of horseradish. According to folk prescription, to improve the therapeutic properties of horseradish, it is advisable to pre-grind and cook. Then it is applied to the affected area;
- the application of iodine, medical bile, ammonia, glycerin and honey. may. All the ingredients of this popular mix mix, infuse for 10 days, and then apply to the sore knees. This drug is very effectively;
- a cold compress of cabbage leaves. It is made from fresh leaves of cabbage soaked in you can apply honey and legs. To confirm the therapeutic effect of the insulation of wool fabric or film plastic. This drug is suitable for people of all age groups;
- ointment of elecampane with vodka.
Osteoarthritis of the knee is quite different types of treatment the patient chooses the doctor you consideration the physiological age and features. It can be shots, creams, knee braces for osteoarthritis and other medications. Prevention and control of disease in the early stages can be used in physiotherapy for osteoarthritis of the knee joint. With proper time and treatment, people can save money and a lot does not cause damage.